Impact of Globalization on CO2 Emission in the Agricultural Sector

The increasing development of various industries and globalization in the past decades have caused concerns about environmental pollution. Thus, in recent years, the effects of economic activities and globalization on the environment have attracted the attention of many researchers due to efforts to achieve sustainable development, and extensive theoretical and empirical research has been conducted in this area. In this regard, this paper investigates the effect of agricultural value-added and globalization on CO2 pollution in the agricultural sector in selected developing countries, including Iran, Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, Nigeria, South Africa, Colombia, and Iraq. For this purpose, panel data over 1995-2019 was used along with the fixed effects method. Research findings show that globalization has an inverse and significant relationship with CO2 emissions in the agricultural sector in developing countries. Therefore, it is recommended to lead firms toward renewing their structure to increase their productivity. In addition, it is suggested to move foreign investments, which are a part of globalization criteria, toward revision of infrastructures and optimal utilization of resources.